Race and Populist Radical Right Discourses: Implications for Roma Education Policy in Hungary
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11575/ajer.v61i4.56122Keywords:
Roma, Populist radical right, Hungary, Education policy, Discourses, Mots clés, Roms, extrême-droite populiste, Hongrie, politique éducative, discoursAbstract
Non-government organizations and policy makers agree that the best route to eradicating the widespread discrimination and poverty among the Roma is to improve the quality of and access to education. A cursory glance at the Hungarian Government website suggests that policy makers are on top of the problem with good laws and initiatives in place. Yet, indicators from non-government groups and academics suggest the situation remains bleak for the Roma, and practices such as the segregation of Roma school children persist. Progressive change in Hungary first requires a serious confrontation of the widespread and deeply ingrained racism against the Roma. This paper makes no attempt at such an ambition; however, the paper aims to begin acknowledging the role race plays in populist radical right discourses about education policies in Hungary using a discourse analysis method informed by Critical Race Theory. The paper advances two arguments. First, there is a mismatch between official policy and actual progress on Roma education. Second, an examination of how populist radical right discourses about the Roma are racialized provides insight into why there is a mismatch.
Les organisations non-gouvernementales et les décideurs publiques sont d’accord pour dire que la meilleure façon d’éliminer la discrimination répandue contre les Roms et la pauvreté généralisée dans laquelle ils vivent est d’améliorer la qualité de l’éducation qu’ils reçoivent et leur accès à celle-ci. Un examen rapide du site web du gouvernement hongrois laisse penser que les décideurs publiques maitrisent la situation grâce à des lois et des initiatives judicieuses. Toutefois, les indicateurs provenant de groupes non-gouvernementaux et de chercheurs portent à croire que la situation des Roms demeure sombre et que des pratiques telles la ségrégation des élèves roms persiste. Avant de connaitre une évolution positive en Hongrie, il est nécessaire d’affronter efficacement le racisme généralisé et profondément ancré contre les Roms. Cet article ne prétend pas entretenir une telle ambition; il veut plutôt commencer à reconnaitre le rôle que joue la race dans les discours de groupes populistes d’extrême droite évoquant les politiques hongroises en matière d’éducation. La méthode employée est celle d’une analyse du discours appuyée par la théorie critique axée sur la relation entre la race et la loi. L’article fait deux affirmations : d’abord, il y a une inadéquation entre la politique officielle et les progrès réel quant à l’éducation des Roms et deuxièmement, un examen de la racisation des discours de groupes populistes d’extrême droite portant sur les Roms offrent des explications sur l’existence de cette inadéquation.
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